Hanpan (Hang Drum)
Invented in 2000 by Swiss company PANArt (Felix Rohner & Sabina Schärer), inspired by steel drums, Indian ghatam, and other instruments.
Steel Tongue Drum/ Tongue Drum
Originated in China as an improved version of the Western steel tongue drum, which was created by American musician Dennis Havlena using repurposed propane tanks.
Structure & Design
| Feature | Handpan | Tongue Drum |
| Material | Nitrided steel (high hardness),ember steel, stainless steel | Carbon steel/stainless steel (some copper-plated) |
| Shape | UFO-like, two hemispheres (Ding & Gu) | Flat disc or bowl-shaped, single-layer structure |
| Tone Design | Raised tone fields (Ding) + concave base (Gu) | "Tongues" (cut metal strips) of varying lengths |
| Sound Hole | One large central hole at the base (Gu) | No hole or small side vents |
Sound
Handpan
Deeper, resonant tones resembling bells or singing bowls, with rich overtones.
Standard tuning: Typically in D minor, with fixed scales (custom orders required).
Tongue Drum
Bright, crisp tones similar to music boxes or raindrops, with shorter sustain.
Multiple scale options (C/D/F, etc.), some models allow retuning; suitable for pop music.
Playing Techniques
| Method | Hang Drum | Tongue Drum |
| Hands | Fingers/palm tapping or rubbing | Struck with fingers or mallets |
| Positioning | Played on lap or stand-mounted | Placed flat or handheld (small models) |
| Skill Level | Complex (glissando, harmonics) | Beginner-friendly |
Target Users
Hang Drum: Best for professional players or collectors.
Tongue Drum: Ideal for children, music therapy, beginners, or casual play.
Summary: Which to Choose?
For professional sound & artistry → Handpan.
Budget-friendly/beginner option → Tongue Drum (check material & tuning).
Both excel in meditation and healing music, but the Hang leans artistic while the Tongue Drum prioritizes practicality.
If you want to choose or customize a handpan or steel tongue drum that suits you, Raysen will be a very good choice. You can contact the staff if you have any needs
Previous: What Is Steel Tongue Drum
